Battery Control Protocol (BCP) stands as a crucial regulatory guideline in the arena of energy storage. Its development is rooted in the necessity for effective operational management of battery systems, particularly in large-scale applications. It facilitates seamless. Energy storage system BCP is a crucial technology designed to enhance grid flexibility, ensure energy reliability, and optimize renewable energy integration. It enables operation of the overall system as a single unified battery, and also provides stack-level Structure diagram of the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), as shown in Figure 2, consists of. viors of battery energy storage systems. Adapted from this study,this. ystems and monitoring equipment. There are a variety of battery types used, including lithium-ion, lead-acid, flow cell batteries, and others, depending on factors such as ener od of series-parallel structure. The evaluation index is the equivalent availability and equivalent unava lability of the.